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}} }} }} }} The Mannheim–Karlsruhe–Basel railway, also known as the Rhine Valley Line ((ドイツ語:Rheintalbahn)), is a railway line that runs from Mannheim, Germany, via Heidelberg, Karlsruhe, and Freiburg to Basel, Switzerland. It is part of the Baden Mainline (''ドイツ語:Badische Hauptbahn''). ==History== The line was financed and built by the Grand Duchy of Baden State Railway (''Großherzogliche Badische Staatsbahn''). The first section between Mannheim and Heidelberg was opened in 1840, and it was completed in several sections to Basel in 1855. The line was originally built to , but since the surrounding countries built their railways to , the line was converted to standard gauge between 1854 and 1855. Since Schwetzingen and Hockenheim missed by the line through Heidelberg, another line was opened in 1870 on the Mannheim–Schwetzingen–Graben–Eggenstein–Karlsruhe route. A shorter and more direct line from Graben to Karlsruhe via Blankenloch was added in 1895 as a strategic railway. This converted the Karlsruhe–Eggenstein–Graben section of the old line into a branch line, now known as the Hardt Railway and partly incorporated into the Karlsruhe Stadtbahn. In the northern section between Mannheim and Karlsruhe there are two different lines, the Mannheim–Graben-Neudorf–Karlsruhe line (the Baden Mainline as such) as well as the Mannheim–Heidelberg–Bruchsal–Durlach–Karlsruhe line (the Baden-Kurpfalz Railway). Particularly after World War I it became a major line for international traffic. Beginning in the 1950s,the Rhine Valley line was progressively electrified, with the whole line fully electrified by the middle of 1958. Under a German-Swiss convention, the entire line was supposed to be converted to at least four lines by 2008, so that it can serve as the main northern approach route to the new Gotthard Base Tunnel line to Italy. Deutsche Bahn is building a high-speed line for this project from Karlsruhe to Basel, including new and upgraded sections. Between Karlsruhe and Rastatt two lines run relatively near each other, effectively providing four tracks. The double-track section between Rastatt station and Rastatt-Niederbühl is to be widened to four lines, probably by the construction of a parallel tunnel. Between Rastatt Niederbühl and Offenburg two new high-speed tracks have been completed next to the old double-track line. A new section of line from Schliengen to Haltingen between Freiburg and Basel, including the 9385 metre-long Katzenberg Tunnel, was opened on 9 December 2012 to avoid a narrow, winding section between the Rhine and the Isteiner Klotz hills.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Katzenberg cut-off inaugurated )〕 The remaining sections between Offenburg, Freiburg and the Katzenberg Tunnel are still being planned. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mannheim–Karlsruhe–Basel railway」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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